/Title (Microsoft Word - ii-27.doc) Contact Us to ask a question, provide feedback, or report a problem. Alcohols, such as ethanol, boil at about 78 degrees Celsius (172 degrees Fahrenheit). /S /JavaScript /Kids [7 0 R 8 0 R] %PDF-1.3 They are marked with numbers and in the middle have a thin line that will be responsible for marking the temperature value. /TT3 27 0 R Reading a glass thermometer is a helpful skill to learn. >> United States Environmental Protection Agency. /ModDate (D:20051007144327-04'00') /Creator (PScript5.dll Version 5.2.2) /Count 2 /MediaBox [0 0 612 792] In a mercury thermometer, a glass tube is filled with mercury and a standard temperature scale is marked on the tube. In response to our understanding of the health concerns associated with mercury exposure, these types of thermometers usually use some type of liquid alcohol. /TT2 26 0 R << Get it as soon as Tue, Jan 5. You’ve seen it in cartoons or movies; Mickey Mouse with a thermometer sticking out of his mouth and an ice bag on his head. Mercury thermometers are designed utilizing the idea that mercury expands with heat. 83 $29.99 $29.99. With changes in temperature, the mercury expands and contracts, and the temperature can be read from the scale. 5. /Author (bookert) >> << /Length 1066 (You may need to wipe it clean with a tissue before reading it.) Remove the thermometer and read it. If a glass thermometer breaks while checking an oral temperature, the mercury may be swallowed. /Cs6 [/ICCBased 32 0 R] This procedure is discussed below. As the temperature rises, the mercury is pushed up through the constriction by the force of expansion. >> Glass and mercury thermometer. /Contents 20 0 R Mercury expands as the temperature increases, thus raising the reading, while decreasing temperatures contract the mercury, lowering the reading. This thermometer is a thin glass tube with a silver tip and line inside. endobj /Type /Pages Understandably, forehead thermometers provide the easiest and fastest methods, but when … 7 0 obj 2 0 obj  Mercury thermometers can be used to determine body, liquid, and vapor temperature. /Parent 2 0 R Older thermometers of this type used liquid mercury. A glass mercury thermometer was once a staple in most medicine cabinets. These can all be used orally, rectally, or in the armpit. You should choose a thermometer that is easy to use and read. To measure underarm temperature: The idea is to insert the thermometer sensor or probe into the mouth, wait for a minute and get the exact temp reading. Microsoft Word - ii-27.doc << /Type /Catalog With changes in temperature, the mercury expands and contracts, and the temperature can be read from the scale. endobj We're not even going to list pros and cons as we do not recommend that anyone use a glass and mercury thermometer. These liquid thermometers are based on the principal of thermal expansion. /Type /Page Mercury, for instance, becomes a solid at -38.83 degrees Celsius (-37.89 degrees Fahrenheit). For more information about phasing out industrial mercury thermometers, visit EPA's Phasing Out of Mercury Thermometers Used in Industrial and Laboratory Settings page. If the liquid in the thermometer bulb is any color other than silver, it is not a mercury thermometer. /Pages 2 0 R >> Mercury medical thermometer, due to its characteristics, its performance is more accurate, and close-readings of the gas thermometer, which is used as a reference thermometer. the bulb of a mercury-in-glass thermometer or the pyrometric sensor in an infrared thermometer) in which some change occurs with a change in temperature; and (2) some means of converting this change into a numerical value (e.g. They are also safe, since they can withstand temperature extremes without breaking. /CropBox [0 0 612 792] If you are choosing a battery-powered digital thermometer, choose one that contains a replaceable battery. The mercury thermometers were difficult to read … No, you should not use your old glass thermometer that contains mercury. /Im1 28 0 R There are four broad categories of thermometers … 4  endobj /Metadata 3 0 R If a mercury thermometer breaks or leaks, it can release toxic vapors. You may need to hold the thermometer in place for three or more minutes in order to get a correct reading. /Resources 19 0 R Alcohol-filled and galinstan glass thermometers are harder to find in grocery stores than digital thermometers. the visible scale that is marked on a mercury-in-glass thermometer or the digital readout on an infrared … << /Rotate 0 An official website of the United States government. /ExtGState << Mercury thermometers are no longer sold in the United States. >> Scores The Lowest Amongst Other Thermometers; In a test done with oral, axillary, tympanic, and forehead thermometers, it was shown that tympanic was the most accurate, while forehead thermometers did the worst. >> Mercury thermometers cannot measure temperatures below this point. >> 6 0 obj Learn more about how to tell if there is mercury in your fever thermometer. << >> Shaking. /XObject << 4. 2. Mercury is bad for your health, as well as for the water, wildlife, and waste systems on earth. The tip of the thermometer must be placed under the tongue. Some states and municipalities have passed laws or ordinances barring the manufacture, sale and/or distribution of mercury fever thermometers. Some of these thermometers do not have replaceable batteries. To obtain an accurate temperature reading, a glass thermometer must remain in the mouth for three minutes, while a digital thermometer remains in the mouth until it beeps or the temperature reading appears in the window, according to Drugs.com. /GS1 31 0 R Thermometer for Fever, Quick Reading Digital Waterproof Oral Thermometer with Fever Indicator and Memory Recall, Best Accurate Rectum Armpit Reading Thermometer for … /F4 24 0 R /Resources 10 0 R >> endobj A slight amount of mercury is placed into the base of the thermometer, and as heat warms the base of the thermometer, it increases the mercury level, pushing it up a narrow tube so we can physically read the increase on the thermometer; however, at a slow pace. /PageLabels 4 0 R 5 0 obj /Filter /FlateDecode >> << Therefore, the mercury thermometer other thermometers accurately measure the temperature of the human body. >> 10 0 obj endobj Collectible mercury thermometers on eBay come in many shapes, sizes, and transduction methods. /Contents [11 0 R 12 0 R 13 0 R 14 0 R 15 0 R 16 0 R 17 0 R 18 0 R] If you have a mercury thermometer, don't throw it in the trash. Today, mercury thermometers aren't recommended because they can break and allow mercury to vaporize and be inhaled. Although many thermometers now have a digital reading, quite a few people have glass thermometers in their homes, and some facilities use glass thermometers in certain circumstances. Use a thermometer with a long bulb. When a substance gets hotter, it expands to a greater volume. endobj 2 /Im2 29 0 R After shaking the mercury down, put the thermometer 1 inch into the rectum. >> /Type /Metadata thermometer. << The outside is made of glass and the fluid inside is mercury, which reacts to temperatures and shows a reading. There are two general types of mercury thermometers that measure body temperature: Alternatives to mercury fever thermometers, Cleanup and disposal after breaking a thermometer, Learn more about how to tell if there is mercury in your fever thermometer, NIST’s February 2011 press release announcing the change, final rule incorporating updated ASTM International (ASTM) standards into EPA regulations (PDF), View a list of the updated ASTM standards, Phasing Out of Mercury Thermometers Used in Industrial and Laboratory Settings page, specific state laws, resolutions and declarations, What to do when a mercury fever thermometer breaks/spills, How to recycle and dispose of mercury products, Oral/rectal/baby thermometers, containing about 0.61 grams of mercury, Basal temperature thermometers (used to track slight changes in body temperature), containing about 2.25 grams of mercury. EPA has launched an effort to reduce the use of mercury-filled non-fever thermometers used in industrial settings where suitable alternatives exist. As part of a partnership EPA developed with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), NIST no longer provides calibration services for mercury thermometers. Such thermometers use a metal probe to sense temperature. >> These types of thermometers were found in nearly every house and hospital at one time before digital thermometers were available. /CreationDate (D:20051007144327-04'00') If you have an old mercury thermometer that you decide to use, shake it to get the mercury down to below 96 degrees F. Then hold it in place for about five minutes to get an accurate reading. H���Mo�@������x���|�F'J�~��U����6eq,���.�u���Tv�3�3osgỳA�q%I�)� ��Y^�Jm�R�e�,o>3�j�B^���q��`�`��Ӯ�W������$দ��������m�DD�B J(���#�m�����U��w�� ��,]_@���͙~�����z�f_m1̱8p_� ��$2p�f�m�pf�w��P�M[h y-�Nur��ܺ��EL���� �RƒII-�^UGe� �b���~S���������de�wmphi$�����[49T�[ ?�M�k��vG�&��ih�� ��-.��g���!���UƠQA]. /MediaBox [0 0 612 792] These are similar to mercury thermometers in both price and use. Don’t use a mercury thermometer, which can be dangerous if it breaks. Mercury thermometers can be used to determine body, liquid, and vapor temperature. Mercury is a dangerous metal. Details: Easy to use, this mercury thermometer is flat in shape and little extra in size. << /OpenAction 5 0 R /Parent 2 0 R Mercury thermometers Once a staple in most medicine cabinets, mercury thermometers use mercury encased in glass to measure body temperature. A digital thermometer is useful for taking underarm temperature. /F5 25 0 R Kizen Instant Read Meat Thermometer - Best Waterproof Ultra Fast Thermometer with Backlight & Calibration. >> They pose a danger if they break and release the mercury, which is toxic. /Rotate 0 endobj We recommend, first, that the alternative thermometer be carefully specified in construction. To date, multiple ASTM standards have been updated to approve the use of mercury-free alternatives for temperature measurement. They are common in many households, schools and medical facilities. This is to help remove the threat of thermometer breakage and the subsequent release of mercury vapor indoors. stream Kizen Digital Food Thermometer for Kitchen, Outdoor Cooking, BBQ, and Grill! DP37 - Thermometer Clinical, Flat, Dual Scale, Extra Large Size. /Length 534 What to do if a mercury thermometer breaks, In a mercury thermometer, a glass tube is filled with mercury and a standard temperature scale is marked on the tube. << /Type /Page If any of these conditions hold, the reading of a liquid-in-glass thermometer may not correspond to the reading of an alternative thermometer, even if both thermometers are perfectly accurate. Electronic components in the thermometer can take very accurate and fast temperature readings. /S /D At least 13 states -- California, Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Oregon, and Washington -- have passed such laws. The Health Care Without Harm website presents information on specific state laws, resolutions and declarations.Exit. This is a substance which expands when heated and accurately measures the body temperature of who is using the thermometer. /F2 22 0 R >> /Font << AXILLARY TEMPERATURE 1. Stay with your baby and hold the thermometer in place for 3 minutes. 1 0 obj Overall, the less invasive the measurement, the less accurate it is. Warnings. Consider an alcohol and a mercury thermometer that read exactly 0 C at the ice point and 100 C at the steam point. Mercury Thermometer: Let's analyze this measurement: Upon inspection of the thermometer, we observe that the finest division is a 1 o C division. endobj 4 0 obj Mercury thermometers are used in households, laboratory experiments, and industrial applications.Â. /JS (this.print\({bUI:true,bSilent:false,bShrinkToFit:true}\);) /F3 23 0 R Such thermometers have mercury inside. Mercury thermometers are no longer recommended because they can break and allow mercury — which is toxic — to escape. endstream Reading the glass thermometer (that is, determining the temperature shown) is done by holding the thermometer horizontally by the stem end (the end opposite the bulb) at eye level and rotating the thermometer until the mercury in the shaft can be clearly seen. << /F1 21 0 R 9 0 obj These thermometers use electronic heat sensors to record body temperature. Getting the Thermometer Ready Pick a glass thermometer without mercury. If you break a thermometer while using it or if you improperly dispose of it, the thermometer will release mercury vapors that are harmful to human and ecological health. 4.7 out of 5 stars 22,027. /Cs9 [/Indexed [/ICCBased 32 0 R] Oral temperature measurement is a common way to take a body temperature. 11 0 obj If you have the option, … The battery is a button-cell battery and may contain a small amount of mercury, so it should be recycled with a hazardous waste collection program. << In the past, mercury (MER-kure-e) thermometers were used. /Type /Action /CropBox [0 0 612 792] A variety of accurate and reliable mercury-free fever thermometers are available at your local pharmacy. The most similar alternatives to mercury fever thermometers are battery- and solar-powered digital thermometers. %���� /Subtype /XML /ProcSet [/PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI] 3 0 obj /Nums [0 9 0 R] endobj Common household uses of mercury thermometers include fever thermometers and oven, candy and meat thermometers. 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